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Read the documentation on the sudoers file. You can specify particular commands to not require a password.

SMB is a network protocol developed by Microsoft. It’s the protocol used by Windows computers to share files with each other. But the protocol was reverse-engineered and a program called Samba provides SMB functionality on Linux. You only see print$ because your Samba isn’t configured with any file shares. You’ll have to configure it. You can find guides online about how to configure Samba. Samba also maintains its own user list independent of the system. That’s why your local account password didn’t work.

The primary concern is switchover time. A purpose-built UPS can switch in about 10 microseconds. Those large “solar generator” battery packs switch in about 30 microseconds. That might be fast enough, but it’s not guaranteed to be fast enough like a UPS is.

UPS batteries are only rated for a few years’ use, so you probably are due for replacement.

It may be important for OP's dual-boot setup to note that Windows should be used to check an NTFS filesystem.

This is what RAID is for. Duplicate, or at least spread, data across multiple disks so that a failure of one disk doesn’t result in data loss.

Well, from my home hypervisor. I’m not running it from my daily-use laptop.

I’m hosting at home. OpenSUSE running in a Proxmox VM.

::1 is a compelling alternative

Baloo is the file indexer for KDE. It has little or nothing to do with Akonadi.

I have a Dell R720XD as my home NAS. I bought it used off eBay. The XD version has 12x 3.5" drive bays. I have eight of them occupied with 8TB spinning disks. The server runs TrueNAS and the disks are part of a ZFS RAID. I spent a few hundred dollars on the server itself, a hundred or so on more RAM, and $2200 on the hard drives.

I don’t like it when a project’s website only says “here, run this Docker container” and doesn’t have manual setup instructions. I don’t want to just run a black box Docker container, I want to know what the knobs are and what they do.

Thanks, Satan