Also, Gnome or KDE?

Sure. Added it to the post.

Unix is basically a brand name.
BSD had to be completely re-written to remove all Unix code, so it could be published under a free license.
It isn’t Unix certified.

So it is Unix-derived, but not currently a Unix system (which is a completely meaningless term anyway).

They do use Ubuntu, Red Hat and SUSE mostly.
But for customers like that, the companies are of course willing to adjust the distro to their needs, with full support.
Microsoft uses their own Linux distro now.

Early computers didn’t have operating systems.
You just plugged in a punch card or tape with the program you want to run and the computer executed those exact instructions and nothing else.
Those programs were specifically written for that exact hardware (not even for that model, but for that machine).
To boot up the computer, you had to put a number of switches into the correct position (0 or 1), to bring its registers in the correct state to accept programs.

So you were the BIOS and bootloader, and there was no need for an OS because the userspace programs told the CPU directly what bits to flip.

That’s highly debatable.

Event Horizon

DNS isn’t just an address book, it determines ownership. So in a decentralized system I could just spin up some servers that direct anyone in my area trying to reach PayPal to my IP instead.

The Big Mac. 3rd fastest when it was built and also the cheapest, costing only $5.2 million.

The previously fastest ran on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the current fastest runs on SUSE Enterprise Linux.
The current third fastest (owned by Microsoft) runs Ubuntu. That’s as far as I care to research.

There was a time when a bunch of organisations made their own supercomputers by just clustering a lot of regular computers:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_X_(supercomputer)

For Windows I couldn’t find anything.
If you google “Windows supercomputer”, you just get lots of results about Microsoft supercomputers, which of course all run on Linux.

If you install TempleOS on the fastest supercomputer Frontier, you get Event Horizon.
WARNING: Gory, disturbing picture

There’s no reason to believe smaller supercomputers would have significantly different OS’s.
At some point you enter the realm of mainframes and servers.
Mainframes almost all run Linux now, the last Unix’s are close to EOL.
Servers have about a 75% Linux market share, with the rest mostly running Windows and some BSD.

I think you can actually see it in the graph.
The Condor Cluster with its 500 Teraflops would have been in the Top 500 supercomputers from 2009 till ~2014.
The PS3 operating system is a BSD, and you can see a thin yellow line in that exact time frame.

You mean the NA/Mixed category?
Probably mostly z/OS and BS2000.
Or actually a mix between Linux and Unix.

Even better: 20 lbs of long toenails and a box full of real snakes.

GIMP 3.0 will come with the next Debian release.
When will that come out?
When it’s ready.
You can get a bit of an idea where in the release process we are by looking at this graph:

Where the green and blue lines dip close to zero, there was a new release.
Next release is probably planned for October 2025.

Between releases, packages are only updated when it’s relevant for security or to fix bugs.
Thunderbird and Firefox are a bit of an exception. Those programs are so complex that backporting security fixes to the current Debian version isn’t feasible. So Debian is forced to ship the new version when security issues in the current version become known.
And they’re also not needed on servers, so the reduced stability doesn’t affect them.

hellfire103 isn’t in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported.

Quartz watches: Casio F-91w
Mechanical watches: Seiko 5

They completely focus on large enterprises now.
Everyone who uses Fusion or Workstation productively is too small for them.